Embryology of the Parathyroid Glands

Kristen Peissig; Brian G Condie; Nancy R Manley

doi:10.1016/j.ecl.2018.07.002

Embryology of the Parathyroid Glands

Endocrinol Metab Clin North Am. 2018 Dec;47(4):733-742. doi: 10.1016/j.ecl.2018.07.002.

Authors

Kristen Peissig¹, Brian G Condie¹, Nancy R Manley²

Affiliations

¹ Department of Genetics, University of Georgia, 500 DW Brooks Drive, Coverdell Building Suite 270, Athens, GA 30602, USA.
² Department of Genetics, University of Georgia, 500 DW Brooks Drive, Coverdell Building Suite 270, Athens, GA 30602, USA. Electronic address: nmanley@uga.edu.

Abstract

The parathyroid glands are essential for regulating calcium homeostasis in the body. The genetic programs that control parathyroid fate specification, morphogenesis, differentiation, and survival are only beginning to be delineated, but are all centered around a key transcription factor, GCM2. Mutations in the Gcm2 gene as well as in several other genes involved in parathyroid organogenesis have been found to cause parathyroid disorders in humans. Therefore, understanding the normal development of the parathyroid will provide insight into the origins of parathyroid disorders.

Keywords: GCM2; Organogenesis; PTH; Parathyroid; SHH.

Publication types

Review

MeSH terms

Animals
Gene Expression Regulation / genetics
Humans
Nuclear Proteins / genetics
Parathyroid Glands / embryology*
Parathyroid Glands / growth & development
Parathyroid Hormone / biosynthesis
Parathyroid Hormone / genetics
Transcription Factors / genetics

Substances

GCM2 protein, human
Nuclear Proteins
Parathyroid Hormone
Transcription Factors

Grants and funding

R01 AI107096/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States