Current donor pool utilization is unable to meet the high demand for kidney transplants. Donor pool expansion using expanded-criteria donors and dual kidney transplantation are viable options. Advances in diagnosing antibody-mediated rejection and targeting immunosuppression increase long-term transplantation success. Further exploration of minimally invasive surgical techniques, kidney bioengineering, and artificial-implantable renal devices hold promise for the future.
Keywords: Antibody-mediated rejection; Artificial kidneys; Donor pool expansion; Immunosuppression; Kidney transplant; Robotic transplantation.
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