Hepatitis E virus treatment and ribavirin therapy: viral mechanisms of nonresponse

Curr Opin Virol. 2018 Oct:32:80-87. doi: 10.1016/j.coviro.2018.10.001. Epub 2018 Oct 29.

Abstract

Hepatitis E virus (HEV) can cause chronic infections in immunosuppressed patients with adverse clinical outcomes. Intervention strategies are limited with ribavirin (RBV) being the only main therapeutic option as off-label drug. Recent reports on RBV monotherapy failures show a coherence with the presence of certain single nucleotide variants (SNVs) and in-frame insertions in the hypervariable region of open reading frame 1 in the HEV genome. Importantly, some of the alterations were present in the viral population as minor variant before RBV administration. Individualized infection medicine by early detection of emerging viral variants in patients could improve treatment outcome and prognosis.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Antiviral Agents / therapeutic use*
  • Drug Resistance, Multiple, Viral / genetics
  • Genome, Viral
  • Genotype
  • Hepatitis E / drug therapy*
  • Hepatitis E virus / drug effects*
  • Hepatitis E virus / genetics*
  • Hepatitis, Chronic / drug therapy
  • Humans
  • Interferon-alpha / therapeutic use
  • Open Reading Frames
  • Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide
  • Ribavirin / therapeutic use*
  • Treatment Failure

Substances

  • Antiviral Agents
  • Interferon-alpha
  • Ribavirin