Polyphenolic profile of Cichorium intybus L. endemic varieties from the Veneto region of Italy

Abstract

The present study was aimed at the investigation, through HPLCDAD-ESI-MS/MS, of polyphenols in seven autochthonous C. intybus varieties, already known from literature to contain various substances with antioxidant properties, from the Veneto region of Italy, namely 'Castelfranco', 'Chioggia', 'Rosa di Gorizia', 'Rosa di Verona', 'Treviso Precoce', 'Treviso Tardivo' and 'Verdon da Cortèl'. Thirteen polyphenols, belonging to hydroxycinnamic acid, flavone, flavonol and anthocyanin classes, were detected in most samples. The developed analytical method was validated in agreement with ICH guidelines. The total amount of polyphenols ranged from 52 to 386 (mean: 254) mg/100g fresh weight (F.W.). The results were further confirmed by Principal Composition Analysis (PCA), which highlighted peculiar features and similarities among analysed samples for each variety (except for 'Chioggia' samples). The developed method is suitable for routine analyses, as well as geographical characterization, selection of different C. intybus varieties and for the determination of related polyphenols dietary recommended intakes.

Keywords: 3,5-Dicaffeoylquinic acid(PubChem CID: 6474310).; 3-Caffeoylquinic acid (PubChem CID: 1794427); Caftaric acid (PubChem CID: 6440397); Cichorium intybus L.; Cichory; Cyanidin-3-O-glucoside (PubChem CID: 12303203); HPLC-DAD-ESI/MS-MS; Kaempferol-3-O-glucoside (PubChem CID: 5282102); Luteolin-7-O-glucuronide(PubChem CID: 5280601); Polyphenols; Quercetin-3-O-(6″-O-malonyl)-glucoside (PubChem CID: 5282159); Quercetin-3-O-glucoside (PubChem CID: 5280804); Quercetin-3-O-glucuronide (PubChem CID: 11655911); d-Chicoric acid (PubChem CID: 5470299).