Aims: The aim of this study was to examine the prevalence and the factors associated with influenza vaccination among nurses in Hong Kong based on the Health Belief Model. The role of moral responsibility was also examined.
Background: Influenza vaccination is the most effective way to prevent influenza infection. Nurses are recommended to receive influenza vaccination annually. However, the rate of vaccination among nurses in Hong Kong is low.
Design: A cross-sectional study.
Method: A survey was conducted among 214 nurses between January - March 2017.
Result: The prevalence of having ever received influenza vaccination, having received influenza vaccination in the last influenza season and having intention to receive influenza vaccination in the coming influenza season were 64.5%, 29.0% and 23.3% respectively. Results from multiple stepwise logistic regressions showed that perceived benefits of influenza vaccination and having received recommendations from colleagues were associated with higher chances of having ever received influenza vaccination. Perceived susceptibility of influenza, perceived benefits of influenza vaccination and perceived moral responsibility were associated with higher chances of having received influenza vaccination in the last influenza season, whereas perceived barriers of influenza vaccination were associated with lower chances. Furthermore, perceived susceptibility of influenza and perceived benefits of influenza vaccination were associated with higher chances of having the intention to receive influenza vaccination in the coming influenza season, whereas perceived barriers were associated with lower chances. The moderating effect of perceived moral responsibility was not significant.
Conclusion: Health promotion should make use of the Health Belief Model and increase moral responsibility to increase influenza vaccination rate among nurses.
目的: 本研究旨在以健康信念模式为例,探讨香港护士流感疫苗接种的流行情况及相关因素。同时也检验了道德责任的作用。 背景: 流感疫苗接种是预防流感感染最有效的方法。建议护士每年接种流感疫苗,但香港护士的疫苗接种率很低。 设计: 横断面研究。 方法: 在2017年1月至3月期间,对214名护士进行了调查。 结果: 接种过流感疫苗、上一流感季节接种过流感疫苗和打算下一流感季节接种流感疫苗的人员分别占64.5%、29.0%和23.3%。多元逐步逻辑回归结果表明,对流感疫苗接种好处的认识和对同事建议的接纳与较高的流感疫苗接种率相关。流感易感性认识、对流感疫苗接种好处的认识和对道德责任的认识与上一流感季节较高的疫苗接种率相关,而对流感疫苗接种障碍的认识与较低的几率相关。此外,对流感易感性的认识和对流感疫苗接种好处的认识与下一流感季节较高的疫苗接种率相关,而对障碍的认识与较低的几率相关。道德责任认识的调节作用不显著。 结论: 健康促进活动应利用健康信念模式、增强道德责任,从而提高护士的流感疫苗接种率。.
Keywords: Health Belief Model; influenza vaccination; moral responsibility; nurses; nursing.
© 2018 John Wiley & Sons Ltd.