Patient Experience with Primary Care Physician and Risk for Hospitalization in Hispanics with CKD

Abstract

Background and objectives: In the general population, the quality of the patient experience with their primary care physician may influence health outcomes but this has not been evaluated in CKD. This is relevant for the growing Hispanic CKD population, which potentially faces challenges to the quality of the patient experience related to language or cultural factors. We evaluated the association between the patient experience with their primary care physician and outcomes in Hispanics with CKD.

Design, setting, participants, & measurements: This prospective observational study included 252 English- and Spanish-speaking Hispanics with entry eGFR of 20-70 ml/min per 1.73 m², enrolled in the Hispanic Chronic Renal Insufficiency Cohort study between 2005 and 2008. Patient experience with their primary care physician was assessed by the Ambulatory Care Experiences Survey subscales: communication quality, whole-person orientation, health promotion, interpersonal treatment, and trust. Poisson and proportional hazards models were used to assess the association between the patient experience and outcomes, which included hospitalization, ESKD, and all-cause death.

Results: Participants had a mean age of 56 years, 38% were women, 80% were primary Spanish speakers, and had a mean eGFR of 38 ml/min per 1.73 m². Over 4.8 years (median) follow-up, there were 619 hospitalizations, 103 ESKD events, and 56 deaths. As compared with higher subscale scores, lower scores on four of the five subscales were associated with a higher adjusted rate ratio (RR) for all-cause hospitalization (communication quality: RR, 1.54; 95% confidence interval [95% CI], 1.25 to 1.90; health promotion: RR, 1.31; 95% CI, 1.05 to 1.62; interpersonal treatment: RR, 1.50; 95% CI, 1.22 to 1.85; and trust: RR, 1.57; 95% CI, 1.27 to 1.93). There was no significant association of subscales with incident ESKD or all-cause death.

Conclusions: Lower perceived quality of the patient experience with their primary care physician was associated with a higher risk of hospitalization.

Keywords: Ambulatory Care; Cause of Death; Female; Follow-Up Studies; Health Promotion; Hispanic Americans; Humans; Kidney Failure, Chronic; Language; Middle Aged; Physicians, Primary Care; Proportional Hazards Models; Prospective Studies; Renal Insufficiency, Chronic; Risk; Surveys and Questionnaires; glomerular filtration rate; hospitalization.