Intraoperative Device Closure of a Perimembranous Ventricular Septal Defect Using the Right Thoracic Ventricle Approach

Abstract

Background: This study compared the safety and effectiveness of intraoperative device closure of a perimembranous ventricular septal defect (pmVSD) using the right thoracic minimal incision to right ventricle and lower midline sternotomy to right ventricle approaches.

Methods: We retrospectively analyzed the clinical data of 46 patients who underwent intraoperative device closure of a pmVSD through the right thoracic minimal incision to right ventricle route (group 1) and 52 patients who underwent intraoperative device closure of a pmVSD through a minimal incision in the lower sternum (group 2) at our hospital from March 2016 to March 2017. In group 1, a right thoracic minimal incision to the fourth intercostal space was used to establish a delivery system through the right ventricle to complete pmVSD closure.

Results: In group 1, intraoperative device closure of the pmVSD was successful in 44 patients and was converted to open surgery in 2 patients (a delivery system could not be established in the one, and a significant residual shunt was present in the other). In group 2, the corresponding numbers of patients were 50 and 2, respectively. Neither group exhibited serious adverse effects, including dislocation of the occluder, third-degree atrioventricular block, or new onset of aortic valve regurgitation during the perioperative period or during a median follow-up period of 1 to 2 years.

Conclusions: Intraoperative device closure of a pmVSD through the right thoracic minimal incision to right ventricle approach is safe and effective. This procedure can avoid some of the shortcomings caused by sternotomy, uses an incision with an improved cosmetic appearance, and is worth recommendation.