The paper describes the case of a 69-year-old man with non-small-cell lung cancer who, owing to a mistake, received intravenously 500 mg of vinorelbine. Within 3 days of intoxication, the bone marrow of the patient was damaged with subsequent pancytopenia that did not respond to treatment. On the fifth day after the poisoning, features of intestinal obstruction appeared. The patient died on the sixth day after the drug overdose. The case presented by us constitutes the first description of a fatal iatrogenic poisoning with this drug.