Meta-analysis of the association between the inflammatory potential of diet and urologic cancer risk

PLoS One. 2018 Oct 1;13(10):e0204845. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0204845. eCollection 2018.

Abstract

Background: The inflammatory potential of diet has been shown to have an association with the risk of several cancer types, but the evidence is inconsistent regarding the related risk of urologic cancer (UC). Therefore, we conducted the present meta-analysis to investigate the association between the inflammatory potential of diet and UC.

Methods: PubMed, Embase and Web of Science were searched up to July 31, 2018. Two reviewers independently selected the studies and extracted the data. The pooled risk ratio (RR) and its 95% confidence interval (CI) were calculated using the Stata12.0 software package.

Results: Nine case-control studies and three cohort studies including 83,197 subjects met the inclusion criteria. The overall meta-analysis results showed that individuals with the highest category of DII (dietary inflammatory index) were associated with an increased risk of prostate cancer (RR = 1.62, 95% CI: 1.30-2.02); subgroup analysis showed consistent results. For kidney and bladder cancer, significant positive associations were found in individuals with the highest category of DII score; however, no significant association was found between DII and the risk of urothelial cell carcinoma (UCC).

Conclusion: Available data suggest that more pro-inflammatory diets are associated with an increased risk of prostate cancer, kidney cancer and bladder cancer. However, further well designed large-scaled cohort studies are warranted to provide more conclusive evidence.

Publication types

  • Meta-Analysis
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Case-Control Studies
  • Diet / adverse effects*
  • Humans
  • Inflammation / chemically induced*
  • Inflammation / complications
  • Kidney Neoplasms / epidemiology
  • Kidney Neoplasms / etiology
  • Male
  • Odds Ratio
  • Prostatic Neoplasms / epidemiology
  • Prostatic Neoplasms / etiology
  • Risk Assessment
  • Urinary Bladder Neoplasms / epidemiology
  • Urinary Bladder Neoplasms / etiology
  • Urogenital Neoplasms / epidemiology*
  • Urogenital Neoplasms / etiology

Grants and funding

This work was supported by Science and Technology Support Project of Science and Technology Department of Sichuan Province, Grant ID: 2016FZ0103; and Key Research and Development Project of Science and Technology Department of Sichuan Province, Grant ID: 2017SZ0067; and 1.3.5 project for disciplines of excellence, West China Hospital, Sichuan University; Grant ID: ZY2016104. The study sponsor had no role in the design and conduct of the study; collection, management, analysis and interpretation of the data; preparation, review or approval of the article; and decision to submit the article for publication.