Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement With a Repositionable Self-Expanding Prosthesis: The PORTICO-I Trial 1-Year Outcomes

Abstract

Background: The new self-expanding, repositionable transcatheter heart valve (THV) system was designed for treatment of severe, symptomatic aortic stenosis in patients with high surgical risk.

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to report 1-year outcomes of transcatheter aortic valve replacement with the new THV system.

Methods: This ongoing, international, multicenter study evaluated patients with severe, symptomatic aortic stenosis implanted with the THV via transfemoral access and follow-up at 30 days, 1 year, and annually through 5 years. The primary endpoint is all-cause mortality at 1 year; secondary endpoints include clinical outcomes and echocardiographic measurements, both adjudicated.

Results: A total of 941 patients (82.4 ± 5.9 years; 65.7% female; Society of Thoracic Surgeons Predicted Risk of Operative Mortality score: 5.8%) were enrolled and underwent an implant at 61 sites in Europe, Australia, and Canada. At 1 year, Kaplan-Meier estimates for all-cause mortality, cardiovascular mortality, disabling stroke rates, and myocardial infarction were 12.1%, 6.6%, 2.2%, and 2.5%, respectively. Mean aortic transvalvular gradient and aortic valve area were 8.66 mm Hg and 1.75 cm², respectively. Paravalvular leakage was moderate or higher in 2.6% of patients with no severe leakage. New pacemaker rates were 18.7% and 21.3% for pacemaker naïve patients at 30 days and 1 year, respectively. Functional class, exercise capacity, and quality of life improved significantly from baseline to 1 year.

Conclusions: Transcatheter aortic valve replacement with the new THV in patients who are at increased surgical risk is associated with low 1-year mortality and stroke rates. Favorable hemodynamic results at 1 year are observed with low transvalvular pressure gradient and incidence of significant paravalvular leakage. (5 Year Observation of Patients With PORTICO Valves [PORTICO-I]; NCT01802788).

Keywords: TAVR; aortic stenosis; clinical research; degenerative valve.