Objective: Hyperphosphatemia is a major contributor to poor outcomes among cases of chronic kidney disease. Considering that foods with high protein content are major sources of phosphorus, a more suitable dietary phosphorus measure is the phosphorus to protein ratio. However, Mexican phosphorus to protein ratio tables do not exist. This article aims to estimate the phosphorus to protein ratio in foods commonly used by the Mexican population and to establish its usefulness in the selection of foods for patients with chronic kidney disease.
Methods: Six tables with the phosphorus to protein ratio were developed from different data sources concerning Mexican animal food composition.
Results: Egg whites have the best phosphorus to protein ratio. Partially skimmed milk has the lowest ratio among dairy products. Dairy products have high phosphorus to protein ratio variability. Red meat products have a ratio with an average of 9 mg/g. The phosphorus to protein ratio varies considerably for seafood (1.2-38.3 mg/g).
Conclusions: The phosphorus to protein ratio could be a good strategy to choose each food during chronic kidney disease dietary treatment for the Mexican population.
Keywords: Dietary phosphorus; chronic kidney disease; dietary phosphorus to protein ratio; nutrition; organic phosphorus.