Environmental conservation activities such as biodiversity and natural resource management are supported by many eager volunteers in many countries. Because it takes a great deal of time and effort to train new members, volunteer programs are important for preventing the burnout of volunteers and maintaining their motivations to participate. This study explored whether motivations that inspire the future frequency of participation, which volunteers prefer, differ depending on the previous frequency of participation in conservation activities. Online surveys were chosen as the primary social research method to collect the relevant data, and 1500 responses were obtained from Japanese citizens who had participated in conservation activities. The findings suggest that improvement of personal physical well-being can have an influence on the variation in frequency of participation in the episodic group that participates only about once a year. The results also indicate that improvement of personal mental well-being and well-being for a local community can have an influence on the variation in frequency of participation in the irregular group that participates about every 2 months. Additionally, this study shows that interaction with other people and enjoyment of cultural services from ecosystems can have an influence on the variation in frequency of participation in many groups including the regular group that participates every month. These results represent valuable information that can be used as a reference for conducting conservation programs aimed at encouraging people to learn about nature conservation and interact with others to improve their local community.
Keywords: Environmental stewardship; Japan; Landscape management; National survey; Public participation; Well-being.