Cardiovascular Implantable Electronic Device Infections

Abstract

Infections associated with cardiac implantable electronic devices are increasing and are associated with significant morbidity and mortality. This article reviews the epidemiology, microbiology, and risk factors for acquisition of these infections. The complex diagnostic and management strategies associated with these serious infections are reviewed with an emphasis on recent updates and advances, as well as existing controversies. Additionally, the latest in preventative strategies are reviewed.

Keywords: Cardiovascular implantable electronic devices; Endocarditis; Implantable cardioverter defibrillator; Infection; Pacemaker.