Is skip metastases associated with tumor thickness and tumor size in tongue carcinoma patients?

Clin Oral Investig. 2019 May;23(5):2071-2075. doi: 10.1007/s00784-018-2589-5. Epub 2018 Sep 21.

Abstract

Objective: To assess the correlation of skip metastases associated with increase in tumor thickness and size of the tumor.

Material and methods: A retrospective analysis was carried out from August 2009 to August 2015. In this study, a total number of 33 carcinoma tongue patients having T1, T2, and T3 sizes with N0 and N+ clinical necks who were treated by supraomohyoid neck dissection, extended supraomohyoid neck dissection, and modified radical neck dissection were analyzed. The data was assessed using Shapiro-Wilk W test, Nagelkerke R2 regression model, mean, and standard deviation.

Results: Metastasis to lymph nodes was present in 75% of patients. Level I and level II were the commonest sites to be involved, i.e., 20 patients. Three patients had skip metastasis out of which two patients had metastasis at level III (6%), and one patient had skip metastasis at level IV (3%).

Conclusion: The incidence of skip metastasis increases with tumor thickness and tumor size in tongue carcinoma patients.

Clinical relevance: The article reveals the positive relationship between tumor thickness, tumor size, and skip metastasis. The analysis shows tumor thickness as a higher predictor for skip metastasis with odds ratio of 5.5 compared to the tumor size having odd ratio 2.

Keywords: Skip metastasis; Tongue carcinoma; Tumor size; Tumor thickness.

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Aged
  • Carcinoma / pathology*
  • Carcinoma / surgery
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Lymph Nodes
  • Lymphatic Metastasis / pathology*
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Neck Dissection
  • Neoplasm Staging
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Tongue Neoplasms / pathology*
  • Tongue Neoplasms / surgery