A novel mechanism of plasminogen activation in epithelial and mesenchymal cells

Sci Rep. 2018 Sep 20;8(1):14091. doi: 10.1038/s41598-018-32433-y.

Abstract

Cancer dissemination is initiated by the movement of cells into the vasculature which has been reported to be triggered by EMT (epithelial to mesenchymal transition). Cellular dissemination also requires proteases that remodel the extracellular matrix. The protease, plasmin is a prominent player in matrix remodeling and invasion. Despite the contribution of both EMT and the plasminogen activation (PA) system to cell dissemination, these processes have never been functionally linked. We reveal that canonical Smad-dependent TGFβ1 signaling and FOXC2-mediated PI3K signaling in cells undergoing EMT reciprocally modulate plasminogen activation partly by regulating the plasminogen receptor, S100A10 and the plasminogen activation inhibitor, PAI-1. Plasminogen activation and plasminogen-dependent invasion were more prominent in epithelial-like cells and were partly dictated by the expression of S100A10 and PAI-1.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Annexin A2 / metabolism*
  • Cell Line
  • Epithelial Cells / metabolism*
  • Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition / physiology*
  • Fibrinolysin / metabolism
  • Humans
  • Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases / metabolism
  • Plasminogen / metabolism*
  • Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor 1 / metabolism*
  • S100 Proteins / metabolism*
  • Signal Transduction / physiology
  • Transforming Growth Factor beta1 / metabolism

Substances

  • Annexin A2
  • Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor 1
  • S100 Proteins
  • S100 calcium binding protein A10
  • Transforming Growth Factor beta1
  • Plasminogen
  • Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases
  • Fibrinolysin