[Antimicrobial stewardship programme implementation in a medical ward]

Rev Esp Quimioter. 2018 Oct;31(5):419-426. Epub 2018 Sep 13.
[Article in Spanish]

Abstract

Objective: Antimicrobial stewardship programmes (ASP) have proven to be effective tools for reducing the use of antimicrobials. The purpose of the study is to evaluate the effect of an ASP implantation in a medical Ward.

Methods: Prospective intervention study in a medical ward with a heterogeneous composition. In September 2014, an ASP based on prospective audits was implemented. Antimicrobial consumption and the length of stay and mortality in all patients admitted, as well as in the main infections present in the unit, were compared before and after two years of the ASP implementation.

Results: A total of 378 infectious episodes of 335 pa-tients were evaluated in 168 meetings. The prescriber ac-cepted 92.3% of the suggestions. The consumption of an-timicrobials reviewed was reduced from 31.3 to 17.6 DDD / 100-stays (β =-0.40, P = 0.015). The average cost per income was reduced from € 161.4 to € 123.3 (-23.6%). No differences were found in total length of stay or mortality. There were no changes in the incidence of Clostridium difficile infection or candidemia between the two periods. There were no significant differences in length of stay or mortality in total bacteremia, candidemia, and urinary tract infections caused by multiresistant bacteria.

Conclusions: The implementation of an ASP in a heterogeneous medical ward significantly reduces the use of antimicrobials in a short time horizon without adversely affecting the evolution of the patients..

Introducción: Los programas de optimización de antimicrobianos (PROA) han demostrado ser herramientas eficaces para reducir el uso de antimicrobianos. El propósito del estudio es evaluar el efecto de la implantación de un PROA en un área clínica médica (ACM).

Material y métodos: Estudio prospectivo de intervención en un ACM de composición heterogénea. En Septiembre de 2014 se implantó un PROA basado en auditorías prospectivas. El consumo de antimicrobianos y la estancia media y mortalidad total, así como de las principales infecciones presentes en la unidad, fueron comparadas antes y tras dos años de implantación del programa.

Resultados: Se evaluaron 378 episodios infecciosos de 335 pacientes en 168 reuniones. El 92,3% de las sugerencias fueron aceptadas por el prescriptor. El consumo de antimicrobianos intervenidos se redujo de 31,3 a 17,6 DDD/100-estancias (β=-0,40, P=0,015). El coste medio por ingreso se redujo de 161,4 a 123,3 (-23,6%). No se encontraron diferencias en la estancia media total ni en la mortalidad. Tampoco se observaron cambios en la incidencia de infección por Clostridium difficile ni candidemias entre ambos periodos. No se observaron diferencias significativas en la duración de la estancia ni en la mortalidad en las bacteremias totales, candidemias e infecciones urinarias causadas por bacterias multirresistentes.

Conclusiones: La implantación de un programa PROA en un ACM heterogénea reduce significativamente el uso de antimicrobianos en un horizonte temporal breve sin afectar negativamente en la evolución de los pacientes.

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Aged
  • Aged, 80 and over
  • Anti-Bacterial Agents / administration & dosage
  • Antimicrobial Stewardship / economics
  • Antimicrobial Stewardship / organization & administration*
  • Clostridioides difficile
  • Cost Savings
  • Cross Infection / epidemiology
  • Drug Utilization / economics
  • Drug Utilization / statistics & numerical data
  • Enterocolitis, Pseudomembranous / epidemiology
  • Female
  • Health Plan Implementation
  • Hospital Departments / economics
  • Hospital Departments / organization & administration*
  • Hospital Mortality
  • Humans
  • Incidence
  • Length of Stay
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Prospective Studies
  • Treatment Outcome

Substances

  • Anti-Bacterial Agents