Abstract
Polysaccharides from Morchella esculenta are known to exhibit diverse bioactivities, while an anti-melanogenesis effect has been barely addressed. Herein, the anti-melanogenesis activity of a heteropolysaccharide from M. esculenta (FMP-1) was investigated in vitro and in vivo. FMP-1 had no significant cytotoxic effect on B16F10 melanoma cells as well as zebrafish larvae, but did reduce melanin contents and tyrosinase activities in both of them. Treatment with FMP-1 also effectively suppressed the expression of melanogenesis-related proteins, including MC1R, MITF, TRP-1 and TRP-2, through decreasing the phosphorylation of cyclic adenosine monophosphate response element-binding protein (CREB). Moreover, the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway was observed mediating FMP-1's inhibitory effect against melanin production. Specifically, FMP-1 treatment markedly inhibited the activation of phosphorylation of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase. These results suggested that FMP-1's inhibitory effect against melanogenesis is mediated by the inhibition of CREB and p38 signaling pathways, thereby resulting in the downstream repression of melanogenesis-related proteins and the subsequent melanin production. These data provide insight into FMP-1's potential anti-melanogenesis effect in food and cosmetic industries.
MeSH terms
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Animals
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Antineoplastic Agents / adverse effects
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Antineoplastic Agents / pharmacology
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Ascomycota / chemistry*
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Cell Line, Tumor
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Cell Survival / drug effects
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Cyclic AMP Response Element-Binding Protein / metabolism
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Embryo, Nonmammalian / drug effects
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Embryo, Nonmammalian / enzymology
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Embryo, Nonmammalian / metabolism
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Embryonic Development / drug effects
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Enzyme Inhibitors / adverse effects
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Enzyme Inhibitors / pharmacology
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Fruiting Bodies, Fungal / chemistry*
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Fungal Polysaccharides / adverse effects
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Fungal Polysaccharides / pharmacology*
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Larva / drug effects
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Larva / growth & development
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Larva / metabolism
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MAP Kinase Signaling System / drug effects*
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Melanins / antagonists & inhibitors*
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Melanins / metabolism
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Melanoma / drug therapy*
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Melanoma / enzymology
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Melanoma / metabolism
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Mice
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Monophenol Monooxygenase / antagonists & inhibitors
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Monophenol Monooxygenase / metabolism
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Neoplasm Proteins / antagonists & inhibitors
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Neoplasm Proteins / metabolism
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Phosphorylation / drug effects
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Protein Processing, Post-Translational / drug effects
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Skin Pigmentation / drug effects*
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Zebrafish
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Zebrafish Proteins / antagonists & inhibitors
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Zebrafish Proteins / metabolism
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p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases / antagonists & inhibitors
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p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases / metabolism
Substances
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Antineoplastic Agents
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Cyclic AMP Response Element-Binding Protein
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Enzyme Inhibitors
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FMP-1 polysaccharide
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Fungal Polysaccharides
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Melanins
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Neoplasm Proteins
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Zebrafish Proteins
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Monophenol Monooxygenase
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p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases