To explore the characteristics of brain structure in patients with long-term withdrawal of methamphetamine-dependence. Methods: A total of 44 patients with withdrawal of methamphetamine-dependent for more than 14 months were recruited, who met the diagnostic criteria for substance dependence in the fifth edition of the American Mental Disorders Diagnostic and Statistical Manual (DSM-V), and 40 healthy subjects were used as the control. In addition to the general scale of drug-relevant survey, the subjects received the 3.0T magnetic resonance high-resolution scan. The voxel-based morphometric measurements for the subject's brain gray volume were conducted. Results: There was no significant difference in age, education, smoking and alcohol consumption between the methamphetamine-dependent withdrawal group and the control group (P>0.05). The volumes for the bilateral cerebellum, the left side of temporal gyrus and the right side of the lingual gyrus in the methamphetamine-dependent withdrawal group were increased than those in the control group. The volumes for the bilateral lingual gyrus and bilateral cuneus in the methamphetamine-dependent withdrawal group were decreased than those in the control group. The volumes of left of cuneus and cerebellum were positively correlated with the duration of abstinence. Conclusion: After long-term abstinence, although the patients still show abnormal brain structure, their behavior and cognitive function is improved. The cerebral nerve structural is recovered from long-term abstinence.
目的：了解长期戒断甲基苯丙胺依赖患者的脑结构特点。方法：招募44名长期戒断甲基苯丙胺依赖患者(戒断时间大于14个月)及40名健康对照作为研究对象，在年龄、受教育程度、吸烟、饮酒方面进行匹配，使用西门子3.0T skyra头部正交线圈行结构功能磁共振研究；采用自制量表了解受试者基本情况和毒品使用情况，获取三维脑结构图像，然后采用基于体素的形态学分析法进行数据分析，行双样本t检验(cluster size>20，P<0.001，未校正)获得两组间差异性脑灰质区域。结果：与健康对照组比较，长期戒断甲基苯丙胺依赖患者双侧小脑脚、左侧颞上回、右侧枕叶舌回灰质体积增加，双侧距状裂周围皮质、双侧楔叶灰质体积缩小，其中左侧楔叶、左侧小脑脚灰质体积与戒断时间成正相关。结论：滥用甲基苯丙胺患者经过长期戒断后脑灰质结构仍存在异常，但是部分行为认知功能可随戒断时间延长得到改善。.