The ameliorative effect of hemp seed hexane extracts on the Propionibacterium acnes-induced inflammation and lipogenesis in sebocytes

PLoS One. 2018 Aug 27;13(8):e0202933. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0202933. eCollection 2018.

Abstract

In this study, we investigated the anti-microbial, anti-inflammatory, and anti-lipogenic effects of hemp (Cannabis sativa L.) seed hexane extracts, focusing on the Propionibacterium acnes-triggered inflammation and lipogenesis. Hemp seed hexane extracts (HSHE) showed anti-microbial activity against P. acnes. The expression of iNOS, COX-2, and the subsequent production of nitric oxide and prostaglandin increased after infection of P. acnes in HaCaT cells, however, upon treating with HSHE, their expressions were reduced. P. acnes-induced expressions of IL-1β and IL-8 were also reduced. HSHE exerted anti-inflammatory effects by regulating NF-κB and MAPKs signaling and blunting the translocation of p-NF-κB to the nucleus in P. acnes-stimulated HaCaT cells. Moreover, P. acnes-induced phosphorylation of ERK and JNK, and their downstream targets c-Fos and c-Jun, was also inhibited by HSHE. In addition, the transactivation of AP-1 induced by P. acnes infection was also downregulated by HSHE. Notably, HSHE regulated inflammation and lipid biosynthesis via regulating AMPK and AKT/FoxO1 signaling in IGF-1-induced inflammation and lipogenesis of sebocytes. In addition, HSHE inhibited 5-lipoxygenase level and P. acnes-induced MMP-9 activity, and promoted collagen biosynthesis in vitro. Thus, HSHE could be utilized to treat acne vulgaris, through its anti-microbial, anti-inflammatory, anti-lipogenic, and collagen-promoting properties.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Anti-Bacterial Agents / isolation & purification
  • Anti-Bacterial Agents / pharmacology*
  • Anti-Inflammatory Agents / isolation & purification
  • Anti-Inflammatory Agents / pharmacology*
  • Arachidonate 5-Lipoxygenase / chemistry
  • Cannabis / chemistry*
  • Cells, Cultured
  • Fibroblasts / cytology
  • Fibroblasts / drug effects
  • Fibroblasts / metabolism
  • Gram-Positive Bacterial Infections / drug therapy
  • Gram-Positive Bacterial Infections / microbiology
  • Hexanes / chemistry
  • Humans
  • Inflammation / drug therapy*
  • Inflammation / etiology
  • Inflammation / pathology
  • Keratinocytes / cytology
  • Keratinocytes / drug effects
  • Keratinocytes / metabolism
  • Lipogenesis / drug effects*
  • Lipoxygenase Inhibitors / isolation & purification
  • Lipoxygenase Inhibitors / pharmacology
  • Plant Extracts / pharmacology*
  • Propionibacterium acnes / drug effects*
  • Propionibacterium acnes / pathogenicity
  • Sebaceous Glands / cytology
  • Sebaceous Glands / drug effects*
  • Sebaceous Glands / metabolism
  • Seeds / chemistry

Substances

  • Anti-Bacterial Agents
  • Anti-Inflammatory Agents
  • Hexanes
  • Lipoxygenase Inhibitors
  • Plant Extracts
  • Arachidonate 5-Lipoxygenase

Grants and funding

This work was supported by Soonchunhyang University. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.