Hypoxic preconditioning effect on stromal cells derived factor-1 and C-X-C chemokine receptor type 4 expression in Wistar rat's (Rattus norvegicus) bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (in vitro study)

Abstract

Aim: To examine the effect of hypoxic preconditions on the ability of bone marrow stem cells culture mediated expression C-X-C chemokine receptor type 4 (CXCR4) and stromal cells derived factor-1 (SDF-1) in vitro.

Materials and methods: Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) were derived from 12 femurs of 200 g Wistar male rats. The animals were euthanized before BMSCs isolation. BMSCs were divided into two groups, control group: Normoxic condition 21% O₂ and treatment group: Hypoxic condition 1% O₂. The characterization of BMSCs was analyzed using flow cytometry by cluster differentiation 34 and cluster differentiation 105. The expression of CXCR4 and SDF-1 measured using immunocytochemistry immunofluorescence label after 48-h incubation in a low-tension oxygen chamber with an internal atmosphere consisting of 95% N_2, 5% CO₂, and 1% O₂. All data were subjected to a normality test and then analyzed using t-test statistic (p<0.05).

Results: The characterization of bone marrow stem cells showed positive cluster differentiation 34 and cluster differentiation 105. A hypoxic precondition (1% O₂) in culture increases CXCR4 (p=0.000) and SDF-1 expression than normoxic conditions (p=0.000) (p<0.05).

Conclusion: Hypoxic preconditioning with 1% O₂ increase CXCR4 and SDF1 expression.

Keywords: C-X-C chemokine receptor type 4; bone marrow stem cells; hypoxic preconditioning; mesenchymal stem cells; stromal cells derived factor-1.