Biocompatible silk/calcium silicate/sodium alginate composite scaffolds for bone tissue engineering

Ao Zheng; Lingyan Cao; Yang Liu; Jiannan Wu; Deliang Zeng; Longwei Hu; Xiangkai Zhang; Xinquan Jiang

doi:10.1016/j.carbpol.2018.06.093

Biocompatible silk/calcium silicate/sodium alginate composite scaffolds for bone tissue engineering

Carbohydr Polym. 2018 Nov 1:199:244-255. doi: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2018.06.093. Epub 2018 Jun 27.

Authors

Ao Zheng¹, Lingyan Cao¹, Yang Liu², Jiannan Wu¹, Deliang Zeng¹, Longwei Hu³, Xiangkai Zhang³, Xinquan Jiang⁴

Affiliations

¹ Department of Prosthodontics, Oral Bioengineering and Regenerative Medicine Lab, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Ninth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai JiaoTong University, School of Medicine, 639 Zhizaoju Road, Shanghai 200011, China; Oral Bioengineering Lab, Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Ninth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai JiaoTong University, School of Medicine, Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai 200011, China.
² The State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China.
³ Department of Oral and Maxillofacial-Head and Neck Oncology, Ninth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 639 Zhizaoju Road, Shanghai 200011, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology & Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center of Stomatology, 639 Zhizaoju Road, Shanghai 200011, China.
⁴ Department of Prosthodontics, Oral Bioengineering and Regenerative Medicine Lab, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Ninth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai JiaoTong University, School of Medicine, 639 Zhizaoju Road, Shanghai 200011, China; Oral Bioengineering Lab, Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Ninth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai JiaoTong University, School of Medicine, Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai 200011, China. Electronic address: xinquanj@aliyun.com.

PMID: 30143127
DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2018.06.093

Abstract

Scaffolds are crucial for bone tissue engineering since their compositions and properties could significantly affect the seeded cells' behavior. In this study, we developed an interpenetrating network hydrogel by utilizing Ca²⁺ from calcium silicate (CS) to simultaneously crosslink silk fibroin (SF) and sodium alginate (SA). Afterwards, the hydrogels were lyophilized to obtain scaffolds and systematically evaluated by physical characterizations, in vitro cytocompatibility and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) assay. We found that CS inside the porous structure of SF/CS/SA scaffolds could remarkably enhance hydrophilicity, degradation, compression resistance, bioactivity and pH of SF/CS/SA scaffolds. Scaffolds with CS concentrations of 25% and 12% (25/CS and 12/CS) could dominantly stimulate proliferation of bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs). Besides, BMSCs cultured with 25/CS and 12/CS scaffolds showed high ALP activity, respectively. Consequently, this study suggested SF/CS/SA scaffolds possess potential in non-loading bone tissue engineering application.

Keywords: Alginate; Biocompatible scaffold; Bone tissue engineering; Calcium silicate; Silk fibroin.

MeSH terms

Alginates / chemical synthesis
Alginates / chemistry
Alginates / metabolism
Alginates / pharmacology*
Alkaline Phosphatase / metabolism
Animals
Biocompatible Materials / chemical synthesis
Biocompatible Materials / chemistry
Biocompatible Materials / metabolism
Biocompatible Materials / pharmacology*
Calcium Compounds / chemical synthesis
Calcium Compounds / chemistry*
Calcium Compounds / metabolism
Cell Differentiation / drug effects
Cell Proliferation / drug effects
Cells, Cultured
Cross-Linking Reagents / chemical synthesis
Cross-Linking Reagents / chemistry
Cross-Linking Reagents / metabolism
Fibroins / chemical synthesis
Fibroins / chemistry
Fibroins / metabolism
Fibroins / pharmacology*
Hydrophobic and Hydrophilic Interactions
Mechanical Phenomena
Mesenchymal Stem Cells / drug effects*
Osteogenesis / drug effects
Porosity
Rats
Silicates / chemical synthesis
Silicates / chemistry*
Silicates / metabolism
Tissue Engineering / methods
Tissue Scaffolds / chemistry*

Substances

Alginates
Biocompatible Materials
Calcium Compounds
Cross-Linking Reagents
Silicates
Fibroins
Alkaline Phosphatase
calcium silicate