The combination of PTEN deletion and 16p13.3 gain in prostate cancer provides additional prognostic information in patients treated with radical prostatectomy

Mod Pathol. 2019 Jan;32(1):128-138. doi: 10.1038/s41379-018-0107-6. Epub 2018 Aug 23.

Abstract

Prostate cancer is a clinically heterogeneous disease and accurately risk-stratifying patients is a key clinical challenge. We hypothesized that the concurrent identification of the DNA copy number alterations 10q23.3 (PTEN) deletion and 16p13.3 (PDPK1) gain, related to the PI3K/AKT survival pathway, would improve prognostication. We assessed PTEN deletion status using fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) and evaluated its clinical significance in combination with the 16p13.3 gain in a set of 332 primary radical prostatectomy cases on a tissue microarray with clinical follow-up. The PTEN deletion was detected in 34% (97/287) of the evaluable tumors and was significantly associated with high Gleason grade group (P < 0.0001) and advanced pathological tumor stage (pT-stage, P < 0.001). The PTEN deletion emerged as a significant predictor of biochemical recurrence independent of the standard clinicopathologic parameters (hazard ratio: 3.00, 95% confidence interval: 1.81-4.98; P < 0.0001) and further stratified patients with low and intermediate risk of biochemical recurrence [Gleason grade group 1-2 (≤3 + 4), Gleason grade group 2 (3 + 4), pT2, prostate-specific antigen ≤ 10, low and intermediate CAPRA-S score; log-rank P ≤ 0.007]. A PTEN deletion also increased the risk of distant metastasis (log-rank, P = 0.001), further supporting its role in prostate cancer progression. Combining both 16p13.3 gain and PTEN deletion improved biochemical recurrence risk stratification and provided prognostic information beyond the established CAPRA-S score (co-alteration: hazard ratio: 4.70, 95% confidence interval: 2.12-10.42; P < 0.0001). Our study demonstrates the potential clinical utility of PTEN genomic deletion in low-intermediate risk patients and highlights the enhanced prognostication achieved when assessed in combination with another genomic biomarker related to the PI3K/AKT pathway, thereby supporting their promising usefulness in clinical management of prostate cancer.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
  • Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.

MeSH terms

  • 3-Phosphoinositide-Dependent Protein Kinases / genetics*
  • Adult
  • Aged
  • Biomarkers, Tumor / genetics*
  • DNA Copy Number Variations
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • PTEN Phosphohydrolase / genetics*
  • Prognosis
  • Prostatectomy
  • Prostatic Neoplasms / genetics*
  • Prostatic Neoplasms / mortality
  • Prostatic Neoplasms / pathology*

Substances

  • Biomarkers, Tumor
  • 3-Phosphoinositide-Dependent Protein Kinases
  • PDPK1 protein, human
  • PTEN Phosphohydrolase
  • PTEN protein, human