Advances in Imaging Specific Mediators of Inflammatory Bowel Disease

Int J Mol Sci. 2018 Aug 21;19(9):2471. doi: 10.3390/ijms19092471.

Abstract

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is characterized by chronic remitting and relapsing inflammation of the lower gastrointestinal tract. The etiology underlying IBD remains unknown, but it is thought to involve a hypersensitive immune response to environmental antigens, including the microbiota. Diagnosis and monitoring of IBD is heavily reliant on endoscopy, which is invasive and does not provide information regarding specific mediators. This review describes recent developments in imaging of IBD with a focus on positron emission tomography (PET) and single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) of inflammatory mediators, and how these developments may be applied to the microbiota.

Keywords: Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD), colitis; PET; SPECT; chemokine; cytokine; inflammation; microbiota.

Publication types

  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Cytokines / analysis*
  • Cytokines / genetics
  • Cytokines / immunology
  • Disease Models, Animal
  • Endoscopy, Gastrointestinal
  • Fluorodeoxyglucose F18 / pharmacokinetics
  • Gastrointestinal Microbiome / immunology
  • Gene Expression
  • Humans
  • Immunoglobulin G / analysis*
  • Immunoglobulin G / genetics
  • Immunoglobulin G / metabolism
  • Inflammatory Bowel Diseases / diagnostic imaging*
  • Inflammatory Bowel Diseases / genetics
  • Inflammatory Bowel Diseases / immunology
  • Inflammatory Bowel Diseases / microbiology
  • Integrins / analysis*
  • Integrins / genetics
  • Integrins / immunology
  • Intestines / diagnostic imaging*
  • Intestines / immunology
  • Intestines / microbiology
  • Mice
  • Positron-Emission Tomography
  • Rabbits
  • Tomography, Emission-Computed, Single-Photon

Substances

  • Cytokines
  • Immunoglobulin G
  • Integrins
  • Fluorodeoxyglucose F18