Hans Betzhold and the Chilean "superman:" a tale of disillusion, 1938-1943

Hist Cienc Saude Manguinhos. 2018 Aug;25(suppl 1):51-68. doi: 10.1590/S0104-59702018000300004.
[Article in English, Spanish]

Abstract

The Chilean physician Hans Betzhold published the book Eugenesia (Eugenics) in 1939, which was a work that received multiple awards and ran to a second edition in 1942. Both editions and the participation of Betzhold at the Second Peruvian Conference on Eugenics in 1943 attest to the fact that he was an important actor in the field of Chilean eugenics. This paper analyzes his transition from the publication of Eugenesia, in which he proposes a National Eugenics Department combining existing projects and laws to make the eugenic ideal a reality until its intervention, in the year 1943, when his optimism yields to disillusion regarding the task of creating a "Chilean superman."

El médico chileno Hans Betzhold publicó en 1939 el libro Eugenesia, obra que recibió múltiples galardones y tuvo una segunda edición en 1942. Ambas ediciones y la participación de Betzhold en las Segundas Jornadas Peruanas de Eugenesia de 1943 lo muestran como un actor importante del campo eugénico chileno. Este trabajo analiza su transición desde la publicación de Eugenesia, en la cual propone una Oficina Nacional de Eugenesia aunando proyectos y leyes existentes para hacer realidad el ideal eugénico hasta su intervención, en el año 1943 en la que su optimismo cede a la decepción en torno a la tarea de engendrar un “superhombre chileno”.

Publication types

  • Biography
  • Historical Article

MeSH terms

  • Chile
  • Eugenics / history*
  • History, 20th Century
  • Textbooks as Topic

Personal name as subject

  • Hans Betzhold