Evidence-based Palliative Care Approaches to Non-pain Physical Symptom Management in Cancer Patients

Abstract

Objective: To review effective approaches for non-pain symptom management for cancer patients focusing on treatment of nausea and vomiting, constipation, diarrhea, anorexia/cachexia, fatigue, and dyspnea.

Data sources: Peer-reviewed articles, clinical practice guidelines, professional organization position statements.

Conclusion: Oncology nurses are key advocates for optimal symptom management. Maximizing palliation of symptoms improves quality of life and prolongs survival.

Implications for nursing practice: To provide an evidence-based approach to symptom management, oncology nurses require a deep understanding of symptom pathophysiology while anticipating side effects, educating patients and caregivers, considering psychosocial/spiritual factors, exploring treatment expectations, and clarifying goals of treatment.

Keywords: cancer; evidence-based; nursing; symptom management.