Regenerative Dentistry and Stem Cells: A Multilineage Differentiation as a Safe and Useful Alternative Way of Harvesting and Selection Adipose Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells

Abstract

Background: This review aims to address procedures and indications for the application of the adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) for regenerative dentistry. ADSCs have rarely been used in this particular field; conversely, experience from other clinical fields and basic research seems to recommend the suitability of this application.

Aims and methods: We reviewed 32 out of 193 articles on Medline sorted by the relevance option. The main purpose of this paper is to perform a short review of the application of stem cells in regenerative dentistry, describing a multilineage differentiation as a safe and useful alternative way of harvesting and selection of ADSCs.

Results and conclusion: The most common derivation of stem cells for regenerative dentistry is from the adipose tissue. There are conditions in which the levy adipose cannot be easily achieved, or where large amount of grafting is not needed. For this purpose, the possibility of selecting stromal stem cells directly from the lax subcutaneous connective tissue, preferably of the head region, would allow a technical simplification.

Keywords: Adipose derived stem cells; biostimulation; dentistry; fibroblasts; micrograft; stem niches..