Quantitative Determination of Chlormequat Chloride Residue in Wheat Using Surface-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy

Shizhuang Weng; Mengqing Qiu; Ronglu Dong; Fang Wang; Jinling Zhao; Linsheng Huang; Dongyan Zhang

doi:10.1155/2018/6146489

Quantitative Determination of Chlormequat Chloride Residue in Wheat Using Surface-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy

Int J Anal Chem. 2018 Jul 10:2018:6146489. doi: 10.1155/2018/6146489. eCollection 2018.

Authors

Shizhuang Weng^{1

2}, Mengqing Qiu^{1

2}, Ronglu Dong³, Fang Wang^{1

2}, Jinling Zhao^{1

2}, Linsheng Huang^{1

2}, Dongyan Zhang^{1

2}

Affiliations

¹ Anhui Engineering Laboratory of Agro-Ecological Big Data, Anhui University, 111 Jiulong Road, Hefei 230601, China.
² Science and Technology on Communication Networks Laboratory, Shijiazhuang 050000, China.
³ Hefei Institute of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 350 Shushanhu Road, Hefei 230031, China.

Abstract

A simple and sensitive method for detection of chlormequat chloride residue in wheat was developed using surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) coupled with chemometric methods on a portable Raman spectrometer. Pretreatment of wheat samples was performed using a two-step extraction procedure. Effective and uniform active substrate (gold nanorods) was prepared and mixed with the sample extraction solution for SERS measurement. The limit of detection for chlormequat chloride in wheat extracting solutions and wheat samples was 0.25 mg/L and 0.25 μg/g, which was far below the maximum residual value in wheat of China. Then, support vector regression (SVR) and kernel principal component analysis (KPCA), multiple linear regression, and partial least squares regression were employed to develop the regression models for quantitative analysis of chlormequat chloride residue with spectra around the characteristic peaks at 666, 713, and 853 cm^-1. As for the residue in wheat, the predicted recovery of established optimal model was in the range of 94.7% to 104.6%, and the standard deviation was about 0.007 mg/L to 0.066 mg/L. The results demonstrated that SERS, SVR, and KPCA can provide the accurate and quantitative determination for chlormequat chloride residue in wheat.