Identification of a freshness marker metabolite in stored soybean sprouts by comprehensive mass-spectrometric analysis of carbonyl compounds

Daimon Syukri; Manasikan Thammawong; Hushna Ara Naznin; Shinichiro Kuroki; Mizuki Tsuta; Makoto Yoshida; Kohei Nakano

doi:10.1016/j.foodchem.2018.07.036

Identification of a freshness marker metabolite in stored soybean sprouts by comprehensive mass-spectrometric analysis of carbonyl compounds

Food Chem. 2018 Dec 15:269:588-594. doi: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2018.07.036. Epub 2018 Jul 7.

Authors

Daimon Syukri¹, Manasikan Thammawong¹, Hushna Ara Naznin¹, Shinichiro Kuroki², Mizuki Tsuta³, Makoto Yoshida⁴, Kohei Nakano⁵

Affiliations

¹ The United Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu 501-1193, Japan.
² Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Kobe University, 1-1 Rokkodai, Nada, Kobe 657-8501, Japan.
³ Food Research Institute, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, 2-1-12 Kannondai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8642, Japan.
⁴ Kanagawa Agricultural Technology Center, 1617 Kamiyoshizawa, Hiratsuka, Kanagawa 259-1204, Japan.
⁵ The United Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu 501-1193, Japan. Electronic address: knakano@gifu-u.ac.jp.

PMID: 30100476
DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2018.07.036

Abstract

The objective of this study was to identify metabolites that quantitatively indicate degrees of freshness of soybean sprouts. Self-cultivated soybean sprouts were stored at 5 °C, 10 °C or 20 °C, and respiratory CO₂ production rates were monitored using gas chromatography during storage. Carbonyl compounds (CCs) were analyzed comprehensively using mass-spectroscopic metabolomics analyses. CCs were derivatized using dansyl hydrazine (DH) and were then analyzed using high performance liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS/MS) with multiplexed multiple reaction monitoring (MRM). In the MRM chromatogram, 171 to 358 peaks were observed from stored soybean sprouts. Principle component analysis and discriminant analysis (PCA-DA) selected the CC-DH derivative ion with a m/z 512 at a retention time of 9.34 min as the most significant metabolite. Searching online metabolomics databases and matching fragment patterns of product ion mass spectra of an authentic standard revealed abscisic acid is a freshness marker of soybean sprouts.

Keywords: Abscisic Acid (PubChem CID5375199); Abscisic acid; Acetonitrile (PubChem CID6342); Butylated Hydroxytoluene (PubChem CID31404); Carbonyl compound; Chloroform (PubChem CID6212); Dansyl hydrazine (PubChem CID94442); Formic acid (PubChem CID284); Freshness assessment; Metabolomics; Methanol (PubChem CID887); Soybean sprouts; p-Benzyloxybenzaldehyde (PubChem CID78109); p-Toluenesulfonic acid (PubChem CID6101).

MeSH terms

Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid / methods*
Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry
Glycine max / chemistry*
Metabolomics*
Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization / methods*
Tandem Mass Spectrometry