Metabolic syndrome and its components as risk factors for prolonged corrected QT interval in apparently healthy Korean men and women

Abstract

Background: Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is clinically important because of its association with increased risk of sudden cardiac death, as well as cardiovascular disease-related mortality. Data between MetS and prolonged corrected QT (QTc) intervals, a useful predictor of sudden cardiac death, are limited in apparently healthy adults.

Objective: This study determined the association between MetS and QTc interval in apparently healthy Korean men and women.

Methods: We examined the association between MetS and QTc interval in 2157 Korean adults (1317 men and 840 women) in a health examination program but excluded participants with a history of ischemic heart disease, stroke, cardiac arrhythmia, cancer, thyroid, respiratory, renal, hepatobiliary, or rheumatologic disease. The QTc interval was calculated using Bazett's formula (QTc = QT/√RR). Multivariate-adjusted mean QTc values by the number of MetS components were calculated after sex stratification and compared using analysis of covariance test.

Results: The overall prevalence of MetS was 30.5% in men and 19.8% in women. The QTc interval positively correlated with age, body mass index, blood pressure, fasting plasma glucose, triglycerides, and potassium level in both men and women and negatively correlated with calcium and potassium levels and smoking status in men. The multivariate-adjusted mean QTc value increased proportionally with increasing number of MetS components (P values < 0.001 for both men and women).

Conclusion: We confirmed the arrhythmogenic potential of MetS in apparently healthy Korean men and women. These findings suggest that careful monitoring of electrocardiography is necessary to evaluate possible arrhythmic risk in individuals with MetS.

Keywords: Arrhythmia; Insulin resistance; Metabolic syndrome; QTc interval.