Clinical issue: Isolated iliac artery aneurysms occur considerably less often than abdominal aortic aneurysms. Mainly older men are affected by this disease. Most of these aneurysms are asymptomatic and are incidentally detected during cross-sectional imaging. Iliac aneurysms with a diameter larger than 3 cm are at risk for rupture, which is associated with high morbidity and mortality.
Standard treatment: To prevent their rupture as well as for symptomatic or ruptured aneurysms, endovascular treatment has recently been established as the primary approach due to the decreased morbidity and mortality compared to open repair. Endovascular aneurysm exclusion is performed with stent grafts, and depending on the anatomy, by adjunctive internal iliac artery embolization.
Treatment innovations: Up to a quarter of treated patients will require additional endovascular revisions during the long term. Reliable imaging follow-up likely increases the safety of elective or emergent endovascular iliac artery aneurysm repair.
Keywords: Aorta; Dilatative arteriopathy; Endovascular treatment; Iliaca artery; Radiological diagnosis.