Helminthic infections lead to the release of various molecules which play an important role in modulation of the host immune system. Such filarial proteins with immunomodulatory potential can be used for therapeutic purpose in inflammatory and immune mediated diseases. In the present study, we have explored the prophylactic effect of filarial SXP-RAL family protein of Wuchereria bancrofti i.e. rWbL2 protein in DSS induced inflammatory ulcerative colitis in a mouse model. Prior treatment of rWbL2, followed by induction of colitis, showed significantly reduced disease severity as indicated by the decreased disease manifestations and improved macroscopic and microscopic inflammation. This preventive effect was found to be associated with increased release of anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10 and decreased release of proinflammatory cytokines IFN-γ, TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-17 by the splenocytes of treated mice. From this study, it can be envisaged that pretreatment with filarial protein, rWbL2, can prevent the establishment of ulcerative colitis in BALB/c mice. The underlying immunological mechanism may involve the up-regulation of Th2 immune response with down-regulation of Th1 response.
Keywords: Dextran sodium sulfate; Helminths; Recombinant WbL2; Ulcerative colitis.