Designing of the Anticancer Nanocomposite with Sustained Release Properties by Using Graphene Oxide Nanocarrier with Phenethyl Isothiocyanate as Anticancer Agent

Dasan Mary Jaya Seema; Bullo Saifullah; Mariadoss Selvanayagam; Sivapragasam Gothai; Mohd Zobir Hussein; Suresh Kumar Subbiah; Norhaizan Mohd Esa; Palanisamy Arulselvan

doi:10.3390/pharmaceutics10030109

Designing of the Anticancer Nanocomposite with Sustained Release Properties by Using Graphene Oxide Nanocarrier with Phenethyl Isothiocyanate as Anticancer Agent

Pharmaceutics. 2018 Aug 1;10(3):109. doi: 10.3390/pharmaceutics10030109.

Authors

Dasan Mary Jaya Seema¹, Bullo Saifullah^{2

3

4}, Mariadoss Selvanayagam^{5

6}, Sivapragasam Gothai⁷, Mohd Zobir Hussein⁸, Suresh Kumar Subbiah⁹, Norhaizan Mohd Esa¹⁰, Palanisamy Arulselvan^{11

12

13}

Affiliations

¹ Department of Advanced Zoology and Biotechnology, Loyola Institute of Frontier Energy (LIFE), Loyola College, Chennai 600034, India. dmjseema2k@gmail.com.
² Material Synthesis and characterization laboratory, Institute of Advanced Technology (ITMA), Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Malaysia. bullosaif1@gmail.com.
³ Laboratory of Vaccines and Immunotherapeutics, Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Malaysia. bullosaif1@gmail.com.
⁴ Henan-Macquarie Universities Joint Center for Biomedical Innovation, School of life Sciences, University of Henan Jin Ming Avenue, Kaifeng 475004, China. bullosaif1@gmail.com.
⁵ Department of Advanced Zoology and Biotechnology, Loyola Institute of Frontier Energy (LIFE), Loyola College, Chennai 600034, India. selvam.mariadoss@gmail.com.
⁶ Loyola-ICAM college of engineering and Technology (LICET), Loyola Campus, Chennai 600034, India. selvam.mariadoss@gmail.com.
⁷ Laboratory of Vaccines and Immunotherapeutics, Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Malaysia. gothailogishkumar@gmail.com.
⁸ Material Synthesis and characterization laboratory, Institute of Advanced Technology (ITMA), Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Malaysia. mzobir@upm.edu.my.
⁹ Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Malaysia. sureshkudsc@gmail.com.
¹⁰ Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Malaysia. nhaizan@upm.edu.my.
¹¹ Laboratory of Vaccines and Immunotherapeutics, Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Malaysia. arulbio@gmail.com.
¹² Muthayammal Centre for Advanced Research, Muthayammal College of Arts and Science, Rasipuram, Namakkal, Tamilnadu 637408, India. arulbio@gmail.com.
¹³ Scigen Research and Innovation, Periyar Technology Business Incubator, Periyar Nagar, Thanjavur, Tamilnadu 613403, India. arulbio@gmail.com.

Abstract

In this study anticancer nanocomposite was designed using graphene oxide (GO) as nanocarrier and Phenethyl isothiocyanate (PEITC) as anticancer agent. The designed formulation was characterized in detailed with XRD, Raman, UV/Vis, FTIR, DLS and TEM etc. The designed anticancer nanocomposite showed much better anticancer activity against liver cancer HepG2 cells compared to the free drug PEITC and was also found to be nontoxic to the normal 3T3 cells. In vitro release of the drug from the anticancer nanocomposite formulation was found to be sustained in human body simulated phosphate buffer saline (PBS) solution of pH 7.4 (blood pH) and pH 4.8 (intracellular lysosomal pH). This study suggests that GO could be developed as an efficient drug carrier to conjugate with PEITC for pharmaceutical applications in cancer chemotherapies.

Keywords: anticancer; graphene oxide; nano-carrier; nanocomposite; phenyisothiocyanate.