Determination of Bisphenol A (BPA) in Commercially Packaged Ready-to-Consume Carbonated and Noncarbonated Water and Nonalcoholic Beverages: A Single-Laboratory Validation Study, First Action 2017.15

Abstract

Background: Bisphenol A (BPA) is an endocrine-disrupting compound that could migrate to beverages from packaging materials. AOAC INTERNATIONAL issued a call for methods for determination of free BPA in beverages based on the AOAC Standard Method Performance Requirement (SMPR^®) 2017.018. Objective: The objective of the single-laboratory validation (SLV) study was to validate a method for the analysis of BPA in relevant beverages and evaluate its performance characteristics against the AOAC SMPR 2017.18. Methods: The analytical method involves extraction of a beverage sample (10 mL) using 10 mL 1% acetic acid in acetonitrile after the addition of isotopically labeled internal standard. Sodium chloride is added to salt out BPA into the acetonitrile phase. After centrifugation, a freeze-out step is used to remove coextracted lipids. An aliquot of the supernatant upper layer is then analyzed using high-pressure LC coupled to tandem mass spectrometry in electrospray negative ionization mode. Results: Accuracy, repeatability, and intermediate precision were determined by spiking 10 representative nonalcoholic beverage matrixes at three concentration levels. Individual percent recoveries ranged between 76.5 and 113.2%, 86.2 and 114.8%, and 90.9 and 109.3% for the spike levels of 0.3, 1.5, and 20 μg/L, respectively. The repeatability and intermediate precision results were in the range of 0.2-11.3% and 1.8-11.1%, respectively. The LOD was estimated at ≤0.1 μg/L and LOQ was validated at 0.3 μg/L. Conclusions: The validated method performance characteristics met the requirements stated in the AOAC SMPR 2017.018. This method was approved AOAC First Action Official Methods^SM 2017.15. Highlights: SLV study evaluating free BPA at three concentration levels (0.3, 1.5, and 20 μg/L) in 10 types of commercially packaged nonalcoholic beverages (as recommended for the method validation in the AOAC SMPR 2017.018). Validated method performance characteristics (LOD, LOQ, analytical range, accuracy, and precision) met the AOAC SMPR 2017.018. Method approved as the AOAC First Action Official Method 2017.15.