Identification of a novel growth hormone releasing peptide (a glycine analogue of GHRP-2) in a seized injection vial

Drug Test Anal. 2019 Jan;11(1):162-167. doi: 10.1002/dta.2467. Epub 2018 Aug 14.

Abstract

Growth hormone releasing peptides (GHRPs) are synthetic peptides with the ability to stimulate human growth hormone (hGH) secretion. Several GHRPs have been developed as drug candidates; however, only one of them, GHRP-2 (Pralmorelin), has received a clinical approval. Nevertheless, they are distributed on the black market and misused by cheating athletes, due to their performance-enhancing effects. Hence, GHRPs have been included in the World-Anti-Doping-Agency's Prohibited List as forbidden substances in sport. Predominantly, analytical methods for detection and unequivocal identification of doping substances are based on mass spectrometry. Therefore, in the present work, a qualitative analysis by liquid chromatography coupled to high-resolution tandem mass spectrometry with a quadrupole time-of-flight analyzer was performed to identify a new heptapeptide (MW = 874.02 Da) - a glycine analogue of GHRP-2. Structure determination using de novo sequencing is described here in detail. The results of this study may indicate a new approach to circumvent a detection of doping practices.

Keywords: GHRP-2 analog; black market; doping; growth hormone releasing peptides; mass spectrometry.

MeSH terms

  • Doping in Sports / legislation & jurisprudence
  • Doping in Sports / prevention & control
  • Emigration and Immigration / legislation & jurisprudence*
  • Humans
  • Oligopeptides / analysis*
  • Performance-Enhancing Substances / analysis*
  • Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization / methods
  • Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization / standards
  • Substance Abuse Detection / methods*
  • Substance Abuse Detection / standards
  • Tandem Mass Spectrometry / methods
  • Tandem Mass Spectrometry / standards

Substances

  • Oligopeptides
  • Performance-Enhancing Substances
  • growth hormone-releasing peptide-2