Over the past 20 years, the available therapies for multiple sclerosis have expanded exponentially. With several more agents likely to be approved for public funding in Australia in the next 12 months on top of the existing multitude of Australian Pharmaceutical Benefits Scheme-subsidized therapies, the choice is becoming even more complex. This review summarizes the current state of available therapies and anticipates likely future directions, including an important focus on contemporary symptom management. For each agent, the major trials, side effects, and clinical utility are summarized, with a particular focus on the Australian experience of these therapies. It is hoped this review provides an up-to-date reference of the exciting current state of multiple sclerosis therapy.
Keywords: DMDs; NEDA; PML; demyelination; disease modifying drugs; no evidence of disease activity; progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy.