Rationale: Myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) is a heterogeneous malignant hematologic disease with median overall survival ranging from six months to more than ten years. Solid tumor rarely occurs in combination with MDS and the underlying pathogenesis and prognostic significance still remain controversial.
Patient concerns: Here we report a relative low risk myelodysplastic syndrome-refractory cytopenia with multilineage dysplasia (MDS-RCMD) patient, with a rare t(1; 19)chromosome translocation. This patient also suffered from gastric carcinoma.
Diagnoses: Gastric carcinoma, Myelodysplastic syndrome with t (1; 19) chromosome translocation.
Interventions: This patient received radical operation for gastric carcinoma and erythropoietin infusion.
Outcomes: The patient took follow up visits every 2 to 3 months in past years and now he is in stable disease without further treatment.
Lessons: We reviewed the mechanism of MDS complicated by solid tumor and concluded the potential mechanisms of this patient. The interactions between potential factors may play a role in oncogenesis which, however, need an in-depth study of its operating mechanism.