Effects of Levocarnitine on Cardiac Function and Renal Anemia in Hemodialysis Patients

Contrib Nephrol. 2018:196:96-100. doi: 10.1159/000485706. Epub 2018 Jul 24.

Abstract

Background: Carnitine deficiency is a common condition in hemodialysis patients. There have been numerous reports on the efficacy of levocarnitine therapy in hemodialysis patients, including different views. Reported effects of levocarnitine are: (1) improvement of renal anemia, (2) improvement of cardiac functions, (3) effects on muscle spasm and asthenia, (4) anti-atherogenic effects, (5) anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory effects, and (6) inhibitory effects on dialysis hypotension.

Summary: Here, I present the effects of levocarnitine on renal anemia in hemodialysis patients with carnitine deficiency, focusing on the effect on dose reduction in erythropoiesis-stimulating agents and the influence on erythropoiesis resistance index. We also describe the effects on cardiac functions based on changes in cardiac ultrasonography. Key Message: To confirm the efficacy of levocarnitine therapy clinical studies would be required as well as the study of carnitine supplementation therapy for hemodialysis patients with carnitine deficiency.

Publication types

  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Anemia / drug therapy
  • Cardiomyopathies / drug therapy
  • Cardiomyopathies / etiology*
  • Carnitine / deficiency*
  • Carnitine / pharmacology*
  • Carnitine / therapeutic use
  • Heart / diagnostic imaging
  • Heart / physiology
  • Hematinics / administration & dosage
  • Humans
  • Hyperammonemia / drug therapy
  • Hyperammonemia / etiology*
  • Kidney Failure, Chronic / therapy
  • Muscular Diseases / drug therapy
  • Muscular Diseases / etiology*
  • Renal Dialysis / adverse effects*
  • Ultrasonography

Substances

  • Hematinics
  • Carnitine

Supplementary concepts

  • Systemic carnitine deficiency