Use of dietary sodium intervention effect on neurohormonal and fluid overload in heart failure patients: Review of select research based literature

Abstract

Aim: This literature review analyzed ten articles investigating the effects of low dietary sodium intake on neurohormonal and fluid overload on heart failure (HF).

Background: Recommendations for low dietary sodium to HF patients has been debated in the past one to two decades.

Methods: This report presents a literature review of interventional studies from 2006 to 2015 investigating adult HF patients.

Results: The results of the neurohormonal outcome variables seem to be the primary consideration for recommending a low sodium diet to patients with HF. Most of articles in this review reported that 2.6-3 g/day of dietary sodium is effective for decreased BNP, renin, and aldosterone (neurohormonal) plasma levels in patients with HF.

Conclusions: We have to provide the reason, effect, and amount of dietary sodium when providing dietary sodium recommendations to patients.

Keywords: Dietary sodium; Fluid volume overload; Heart failure; Neurohormonal.