Solid-phase microextraction of heavy metals in natural water with a polypyrrole/carbon nanotube/1, 10-phenanthroline composite sorbent material

Ahmad Rohanifar; Lidia B Rodriguez; Amila M Devasurendra; Niloofar Alipourasiabi; Jared L Anderson; Jon R Kirchhoff

doi:10.1016/j.talanta.2018.05.100

Solid-phase microextraction of heavy metals in natural water with a polypyrrole/carbon nanotube/1, 10-phenanthroline composite sorbent material

Talanta. 2018 Oct 1:188:570-577. doi: 10.1016/j.talanta.2018.05.100. Epub 2018 Jun 2.

Authors

Ahmad Rohanifar¹, Lidia B Rodriguez², Amila M Devasurendra¹, Niloofar Alipourasiabi², Jared L Anderson³, Jon R Kirchhoff⁴

Affiliations

¹ Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, College of Natural Sciences and Mathematics, University of Toledo, 2801 West Bancroft St., Toledo, OH 43606, USA; School of Green Chemistry and Engineering, University of Toledo, Toledo, OH 43606, USA.
² Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Toledo, 2801 West Bancroft St., Toledo, OH 43606, USA.
³ Department of Chemistry, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA.
⁴ Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, College of Natural Sciences and Mathematics, University of Toledo, 2801 West Bancroft St., Toledo, OH 43606, USA; School of Green Chemistry and Engineering, University of Toledo, Toledo, OH 43606, USA. Electronic address: jon.kirchhoff@utoledo.edu.

PMID: 30029414
DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2018.05.100

Abstract

A simple and sensitive method for simultaneous microextraction and determination of heavy metals using a new direct immersion solid-phase microextraction (DI-SPME) sorbent material combined with inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) was investigated. In this method, sorbent coating composites were prepared by simultaneous electropolymerization of pyrrole on pencil lead in the presence of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and different metal chelating ligands. Among the coatings evaluated, a polypyrrole coating with entrapped CNTs and the chelator 1, 10 phenanthroline allowed the determination of silver, cadmium, cobalt, iron, nickel, lead, and zinc. Parameters influencing microextraction efficiency including pH, extraction time, and desorption time were optimized. The linear dynamic ranges were 1-1000 μg L^-1 for Ag, 1-750 μg L^-1 for Cd, Pb, and Zn, and 1-500 μg L^-1 for Co, Fe, and Ni with limits of detection of 0.012-0.163 μg L^-1 and limits of quantification of 0.039-0.542 μg L^-1. The relative standard deviations (RSDs, n = 5) ranged from 1.85% to 5.01%. The effect of inorganic interferences on the determination of the heavy metals also was examined and finally, the method was successfully applied for the determination of heavy metals in real water samples.

Keywords: Electropolymerization; Heavy metals; Inductively coupled plasma–mass spectrometry; Solid-phase microextraction; Water analysis.