Objective: To investigate the effect of question order on women's responses to the London Measure of Unplanned Pregnancy (LMUP) or the pregnancy intention question of the Demographic and Health Survey (DHS) when both are asked in the same survey. We collected data on pregnancy intention from a cohort of 4244 pregnant women in Malawi who were re-interviewed at 1, 6 and 12 months postnatally. Women in Zone 1 were asked the LMUP, then antenatal questions, then the DHS pregnancy intention question, women in Zone 2 were asked the DHS pregnancy intention question, then antenatal questions, then the LMUP; women in Zone 3 were only asked the DHS pregnancy intention question. We used linear regression to compare the LMUP score and ordinal regression to compare DHS categorisations of pregnancy intention across Zones, adjusting for baseline socioeconomic differences between the Zones.
Results: We found no effect of question order on the assessment of pregnancy intention by the LMUP. There were differences in the assessment of pregnancy intention when the pregnancy intention question in the DHS was used, however this seemed to be due to baseline sociodemographic differences between the groups of pregnant women being compared, and not due to question order.
Keywords: Demographic and Health Survey; London Measure of Unplanned Pregnancy; Malawi; Measurement; Pregnancy intention.