The purpose of the study was to investigate whether the structure-function relationship in glaucomatous and normative eyes is improved by considering photoreceptor layer thickness. Humphrey 10-2 visual fields (VF) and optical coherence tomography were carried out in 615 eyes of 391 subjects, including 100 eyes of 53 healthy controls and 515 eyes of 338 glaucoma patients. The relationship between mean VF sensitivity and the thickness of the retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) and ganglion cell layer and inner plexiform layer (GCL + IPL) was analyzed using linear mixed models, by glaucoma status and degree of myopia. The structure-function relationship was also analyzed by supplementing the RNFL and GCL + IPL thickness with the thicknesses of: (i) the inner nuclear layer and outer plexiform layer (INL + OPL); (ii) the outer nuclear layer and inner segment of photoreceptor layer (ONL + ISL); (iii) the outer segment layer of photoreceptor and retinal pigment epithelium (OSL + RPE). The model included total thickness of RNFL, GCL + IPL and OSL + RPE was highly more optimal than the model that only included the total thickness of RNFL and GCL + IPL, in all subsets of eyes by glaucoma status and degree of myopia.