Anti-inflammatory and antinociceptive effects of tilifodiolide, isolated from Salvia tiliifolia Vahl (Lamiaceae)

Drug Dev Res. 2018 Jun;79(4):165-172. doi: 10.1002/ddr.21432.

Abstract

Salvia tiliifolia Vahl (Lamiaceae) is used for the empirical treatment of pain and inflammation. The diterpenoid tilifodiolide (TFD) was isolated from Salvia tiliifolia. The in vitro anti-inflammatory effects of TFD (0.1-200 µM) were assessed using murine macrophages stimulated with LPS and estimating the levels of pro-inflammatory mediators for 48 h. The in vivo anti-inflammatory activity of TFD was assessed using the carrageenan-induced paw edema test for 6 h. The antinociceptive effects of TFD were evaluated using the formalin test and the acetic acid induced-writhing test. The effects of TFD on locomotor activity were assessed using the open field test and the rotarod test. TFD inhibited the production of TNF-α (IC50 = 5.66 µM) and IL-6 (IC50 = 1.21 µM) in macrophages. TFD (200 mg/kg) showed anti-inflammatory effects with similar activity compared to 10 mg/kg indomethacin. The administration of TFD induced antinociception in the phase 1 (ED50 = 48.2 mg/kg) and the phase 2 (ED50 = 28.9 mg/kg) of the formalin test. In the acetic acid assay, TFD showed antinociceptive effects (ED50 = 32.3 mg/kg) with similar potency compared to naproxen (ED50 = 36.2 mg/kg). In the presence of different inhibitors in the acetic acid assay, only the co-administration of TFD and naloxone reverted the antinociceptive activity shown by TFD alone. TFD did not affect locomotor activity in mice. TFD exerts in vitro and in vivo anti-inflammatory activity and in vivo antinociceptive effects.

Keywords: Salvia tiliifolia; anti-inflammatory; antinociceptive; tilifodiolide.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Analgesics / pharmacology*
  • Animals
  • Anti-Inflammatory Agents / pharmacology*
  • Diterpenes / chemistry
  • Diterpenes / isolation & purification
  • Diterpenes / pharmacology*
  • Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
  • Indomethacin / pharmacology
  • Interleukin-6 / metabolism
  • Macrophages / metabolism
  • Male
  • Mice
  • Motor Activity
  • Naloxone / pharmacology
  • Naproxen / pharmacology
  • Pain Measurement / drug effects*
  • Rotarod Performance Test
  • Salvia / chemistry*
  • Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / metabolism

Substances

  • Analgesics
  • Anti-Inflammatory Agents
  • Diterpenes
  • Interleukin-6
  • Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha
  • tilifodiolide
  • Naloxone
  • Naproxen
  • Indomethacin