With immunohistochemical and Western blot techniques, P2X1 receptors were detected in the whole mouse gastrointestinal tract and pancreatic islets of mouse and human. (1) δ Cells containing somatostatin (SOM) in the stomach corpus, small intestines, distal colon, pancreatic islets of both mouse and human express P2X1 receptors; (2) strong immunofluorescence of P2X1 receptors was detected in smooth muscle fibers and capillary networks of the villus core of mouse intestine; and (3) P2X1 receptor-immunoreactive neurons were also detected widely in both mouse myenteric and submucosal plexuses, all of which express SOM. The present data implies that ATP via P2X1 receptors is involved in SOM release from pancreatic δ cells, enteric neurons, and capillary networks in villi.
Keywords: Gastrointestinal tract; Human; Mouse; P2X1 receptor; Pancreatic islet.