Novel score predicts risk for cytomegalovirus infection in ulcerative colitis

Abstract

Background: Cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection is associated with relapse and exacerbation of ulcerative colitis (UC), especially in immunosuppressed patients.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to identify risk factors for CMV colitis and to develop a predictive risk score to estimate the probability of CMV colitis in UC patients supporting clinical decision making.

Study design: A cohort of 239 UC-patients was retrospectively analyzed. Univariate and multivariate regression analysis identified several independent risk factors for CMV colitis and a predictive risk score was established using ROC analysis.

Results: CMV colitis is common in patients with severe ulcerative colitis. Clinical UC activity, disease duration and extent as well as the use of steroids and anti-TNF-α agents were identified as risk factors (p < 0.05 each). Based on five predictive parameters, a web-based risk score was developed. A strong correlation between the predicted and actual rates of CMV colitis was found (AUC: 0.855; 95% CI 0.79-0.92; p < 0.0001).

Conclusions: Our study supports the pathogenic relevance of CMV in UC. The predictive risk score estimates the risk of CMV colitis and might aid in clinical decision making, especially when timely modifications of therapeutic regimens are needed and reliable diagnostic tools are not readily available.

Keywords: Cytomegalovirus (CMV); Inflammatory bowel disease; Opportunistic infection; Ulcerative colitis (UC).