Keywords: AFFs, atypical femur fractures; AFSF, atypical femoral shaft fracture; ALP, alkaline phosphatase; CRP, C-reactive protein; DEXA, dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry; ESR, erythrocyte sedimentation rate; GFR, glomerular filtration rate; NF-kB, nuclear factor −kappa-B; PTH, parathyroid stimulating hormone; TSH, thyroid stimulating hormone; WBC, white blood cells.