Abstract
The known interactions between the heart and the digestive system, concerning the semeiotic and the pathophysiology of coronary and non-coronary pain and the possible causal relationship between reflux pathology and the onset of atrial fibrillation, have been implemented by the most recent acquisitions on the role of intestinal microbiota in the development of atherosclerosis, hypertension and heart failure; this brief review also addresses these more innovative aspects.
MeSH terms
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Angina Pectoris / diagnosis
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Angina Pectoris / epidemiology*
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Atrial Fibrillation / diagnosis
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Atrial Fibrillation / epidemiology*
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Comorbidity
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Female
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Gastroesophageal Reflux / diagnosis
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Gastroesophageal Reflux / epidemiology*
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Gastrointestinal Microbiome / physiology*
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Heart Failure / diagnosis
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Heart Failure / epidemiology*
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Humans
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Hypertension / diagnosis
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Hypertension / epidemiology*
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Italy
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Male
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Prevalence
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Prognosis
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Risk Assessment
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Severity of Illness Index
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Survival Rate