Objective: To survey the fungi contamination of four kinds of feed ingredients in 2013- 2014 from parts of China.
Methods: A total of 795 feed ingredients including soybean meal, cottonseed meal, wheat bran and distillers dried grains with soluble( DDGS) were collected from representative enterprises in different parts of China. Food safety national standards GB 4789. 15-2010 microbiological examination of food hygiene enumeration of molds and yeast and GB / T 4789. 16-2003 was used to enumerate, isolate and identify fungi, respectively.
Results: A total of 25 genus 54species kinds of fungi were isolated and the fungi from Aspergillus, Penicillium, Fusarium were the common contamination fungi in feed ingredients. Wheat bran was the most serious contaminated feed ingredients by fungi, and the detection rate of fungi contamination in four seasons were all greater than 84. 9%, and the exceeding feed limit rate was amount to 20. 8%. The fungi detection rate and contamination level were relatively lower in cottonseed meal and soybean meal, and the exceeding feed limit rate was 0. 9% and 1. 4%, respectively. There were types of feed ingredients, seasonal and regional differences for Aspergillus flavus and Fusarium moniliforme contamination. The detection rate of Aspergillus flavus in wheat bran was higher in four seasons and all surveyed areas, and autumn and winter and huazhong district were with the highest contamination level. The detection rate of Fusarium moniliforme for soybean meal in autumn and winter and huabei district was higher than others. The detection rate of Aspergillus flavus for DDGS was very low, but the detection rate of Fusarium moniliforme was higher, especially for autumn and huazhong district, the detection rate was 40. 4%and 50. 0%, respectively.
Conclusion: The feed ingredients from China were commonly contaminated by fungi. It is recommended that strengthening the fungi contamination monitoring of feed ingredients from summer and autumn, huabei and huazhong district was an important prevention method.
Keywords: contamination; feed ingredients; fungi; season; survey.