Purpose of review: The present study briefly reviews the history of mitochondrial replacement therapy (MRT); however, the focus is on recent advancements and future directions of the field. Specifically addressing societal and legal concerns and advances in MRT.
Recent findings: There continue to be new ethical debates surrounding MRT. In addition, there have been advancements in MRT techniques which could improve potential outcomes. Furthermore, advances in genetics continue to provide alternative approaches to treatment of many diseases, including alternatives to MRT.
Summary: MRT may be beneficial to eradicate a severely debilitating and often fatal disease. Despite significant supporting safety and efficacy, there are still many social and legal barriers to instituting MRT to clinical practice.