Structural characterization and in vitro antioxidant activities of chondroitin sulfate purified from Andrias davidianus cartilage

Wenming Zhu; Yang Ji; Yi Wang; Dong He; Yishu Yan; Nan Su; Chong Zhang; Xin-Hui Xing

doi:10.1016/j.carbpol.2018.05.047

Structural characterization and in vitro antioxidant activities of chondroitin sulfate purified from Andrias davidianus cartilage

Carbohydr Polym. 2018 Sep 15:196:398-404. doi: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2018.05.047. Epub 2018 May 17.

Authors

Wenming Zhu¹, Yang Ji², Yi Wang³, Dong He⁴, Yishu Yan⁵, Nan Su⁶, Chong Zhang⁷, Xin-Hui Xing⁸

Affiliations

¹ MOE Key Laboratory for Industrial Biocatalysis, Institute of Biochemical Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, People's Republic of China. Electronic address: piggychina@163.com.
² MOE Key Laboratory for Industrial Biocatalysis, Institute of Biochemical Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, People's Republic of China. Electronic address: jiyang0326@163.com.
³ MOE Key Laboratory for Industrial Biocatalysis, Institute of Biochemical Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, People's Republic of China. Electronic address: wangyi671@hotmail.com.
⁴ MOE Key Laboratory for Industrial Biocatalysis, Institute of Biochemical Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, People's Republic of China. Electronic address: hedong86284116@163.com.
⁵ Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, People's Republic of China. Electronic address: yanyishu@sina.com.
⁶ MOE Key Laboratory for Industrial Biocatalysis, Institute of Biochemical Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, People's Republic of China. Electronic address: sunan12345@126.com.
⁷ MOE Key Laboratory for Industrial Biocatalysis, Institute of Biochemical Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, People's Republic of China; Center for Synthetic and Systems Biology, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, People's Republic of China. Electronic address: chongzhang@mail.tsinghua.edu.cn.
⁸ MOE Key Laboratory for Industrial Biocatalysis, Institute of Biochemical Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, People's Republic of China; Center for Synthetic and Systems Biology, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, People's Republic of China. Electronic address: xhxing@tsinghua.edu.cn.

PMID: 29891311
DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2018.05.047

Abstract

Origin and manufacturing process are key factors affecting the biological activities of chondroitin sulfate (CS), which can be utilized as a nutraceutical in dietary supplements. Herein, we extracted and purified CS from the cartilage of artificially breeding Andrias davidianus (ADCS), i.e., Chinese giant salamander (CGS), one of the prospective functional food source materials in China. Low molecular weight CS (LMWADCS) was then prepared by free radical depolymerization of ADCS. High-performance gel permeation chromatography (HPGPC) analysis showed that the average molecular weight (Mw) of ADCS was 49.2 kDa, while the Mw of LMWADCS was 6.4 kDa. After the eliminative degradation of ADCS by chondroitinase ABC, strong anion-exchange high-performance liquid chromatography (SAX-HPLC) analysis showed that the disaccharide composition of ADCS was 14.6% ΔDi0S, 60.9% ΔDi6S and 24.5% ΔDi4S. Then, in vitro antioxidant assays were performed with ADCS, LMWADCS and CS from a commercial source. Our results showed that LMWADCS exerted the highest total antioxidant activity out of the total antioxidant capacity, including the capacity of scavenging DPPH radicals, hydroxyl radicals and superoxide anion radicals. From the results of this study, we can conclude that the Mw and composition of ADCS are different from those reported for bovine and shark CS, and LMWADCS can be utilized as a valuable and potential nutraceutical for the functional food industry.

Keywords: Andrias davidianus; Antioxidation; Chinese giant salamander; Chondroitin sulfate; Low molecular weight chondroitin sulfate.