99mTc labeled D(LPR): A novel retro-inverso peptide for VEGF receptor-1 targeted tumor imaging

Abstract

Introduction: The aim of this study was to evaluate the ability of _D(LPR), a novel retro-inverso peptidomimetic derivative for imaging colon cancer.

Methods: Two different _D(LPR) analogs were designed and compared based on conjugation of HYNIC at peptide's C or N terminal and then labeled with technetium-99m using tricine/EDDA as an exchange coligands. The radiolabeled conjugates were assessed for in vitro stability in saline and serum. The VEGFR-1 and NRP-1 receptors affinity, in vitro internalization and also dissociation Constance was evaluated. SPCET imaging and biodistribution studies were performed in nude mice bearing HT-29 xenograft tumors.

Results: Both peptides labeled with technetium-99m in high radiochemical yield (˃97%). Peptide stability studies indicated a high metabolic stability of the radiopeptides in solution and serum. In vitro blocking studies demonstrated specific binding and internalization of [^99mTc]Tc-HYNIC-peptides in cultured HUVEC cells. The K_d value for ^99mTc-peptide 1 and ^99mTc-peptide 2 were found to be 56.8 ± 12.9 nM and 71.6 ± 17.9 nM respectively. The tumor to muscle ratio was significant at 0.5 and 1 h after injection (4.5 and 4 for ^99mTc-peptide 1 and 4.9 and 4.4 for ^99mTc-peptide 2 at 0.5 and 1 h p.i. respectively). SPECT imaging studies revealed that both radioconjugates had prominent activity accumulation in VEGFR-1 and NRP-1 expressing HT-29 tumors.

Conclusion: This study is the first instance of using a radiolabeled retro-inverso peptide for tumor imaging which is a promising tool to improve the performance of fragile peptide probes in vivo as imaging agents and warrant further investigations in other peptide-target systems.

Keywords: Molecular imaging; Retro-inverso peptide; SPECT; Technetium-99m; VEGFR-1.